![]() Citriculture industries in Asia, Africa, and America have suffered massive economic losses due to the devastating Huanglongbing (HLB) malady. However, various biotic and abiotic stresses impede citrus production worldwide, among which Huanglongbing is one of the significant pernicious diseases devastating the citriculture industry in the last few decades. Therefore, the selection of rootstock may make a significant contribution to the success or failure of the planting process. Cultivated commercial citrus plants, consisting of rootstock and scion varieties, have a significant impact on scion growth, fruit quality, yield, and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Worldwide citrus production is estimated at over 124.3 million tons annually. Citrus crops are cultivated in more than 135 countries worldwide. ![]() The citrus species, Rutaceae family, is one of the major fruit crops in the world, which has provided an immune-enhancing source of vitamin C, nutrients, and medicinal value since ancient times. This review may prompt the researchers toward an integrated and environmentally sustainable methodology for the mitigation/elimination of HLB pathogens.Ĭitrus fruits are the most predominantly produced fruits worldwide. We aim to provide an overall picture of HLB disease, its distribution, causal organism, pathogenic mechanism, and current and future strategies for combat against citrus Huanglongbing disease. However, there is no evidence of such applicability of the methods mentioned above to complete the elimination or suppression of the pathogen to control HLB disease. There are numerous reports on the control of HLB disease using thermotherapy, chemotherapy, plant defense activators, brassinosteroids, and nanoemulsions. The lack of HLB-resistant citrus cultivars, the rapid spread of disease, and the fastidious nature of HLB-proteobacteria have made it difficult to mitigate HLB in the citrus field. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, Candidatus Liberibacter africanus, and Candidatus Liberibacter americanus are the causative agents of HLB in citrus-producing regions around many countries, and these proteobacteria are being vectorized by Diaphorina citri and Triozaerytreae. Huanglongbing (HLB) or greening is a devastating phloem-intruding bacterial disease that generates various symptoms in leaves and fruits, threatening the global citrus industry.
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